Convection business is a type of business that is quite popular in Indonesia. Spread almost in every region. The popularity of the convection business is due to two things. First, because the products produced by the convection industry, namely clothing is one of the basic human needs, the market for the convection business will always be there. A clear market share makes not a few people try to maximize the potential of the convection business.
Secondly, the convection business is becoming popular because the entry barrier to be able to start a business is not too big. One can start a convection business with only two or three sewing machines. Sewing machines are one of the cheapest production machines. Unlike production machines in other industries which can cost hundreds of millions or even billions of rupiah, one can buy a sewing machine for only hundreds of thousands of rupiah. One can start a convection business from the garage of his house, which is only a few square meters; no need to make a factory that covers hundreds or thousands of square meters. Because this entry barrier is not too large, not a few people dare to try a convection business.
In a garment manufacturing process, there is a process in which cloth (intermediate goods) is converted into ready-made clothing. The process of converting semi-finished material into clothing consists of 3 major parts, namely the cutting process according to clothing patterns, sewing process (Making), and tidying process (Trimming) – installing buttons, giving embroidery, etc. In the convection industry, this process is done. Popularly, people abbreviate it as CMT aka Cut, Make, and Trim. Then what distinguishes a convection business and the garment business? What is the scale of production? The area of production? Sales orientation? Or any other reasons?
In garment factories, the production process is based on the type of process. For example, when the process of sewing (making) a shirt collar, then one factory will make a collar. Then, when the process enters the stage of connecting the arm with the body of the shirt, then all workers will carry out the process. And so on.
While in the convection plant, the production process is carried out as a whole by each sewing operator. One operator will sew one shirt starting from sewing the collar, arm, and so on until it becomes a single piece of clothing. It was only after becoming one whole garment; they sewed the next piece of cloth into one other intact garment.
Actually, convection is a way for garment factories to complete orders they receive, if the order is impossible to do or economically it is no longer efficient to do. Orders cannot be done, for example because the garment factory is already running a production process, and it is impossible to stop just to work on a different order. Whereas what is meant is not economical, for example, because the profit margin that can be obtained is too small, while the garment factory has already signed a production contract with the buyer. Smaller profit margins can be caused by the government’s decision to increase energy prices or workers’ minimum wages.
Orders like this are then subcontracted or connected to small manufacturers. These small manufacturers are then fostered by the garment factory. The garment factory provides guidance starting from the correct cutting method, carrying out the QC process according to their standards, etc. These small manufacturers are then referred to as convection. From here the birth of convection business in Indonesia started.
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